Title
On the ecosystemic network of saliva in healthy young adults
Author
Zaura, E.
Brandt, B.W.
Prodan, A.
de Mattos, T.
Imangaliyev, S.
Buijs, M.J.
Jagers, F.L.
Hennequin-Hoenderbos, N.L.
Slot, D.E.
Nicu, D.E.
Lagerweij, M.D.
Janus, M.M.
Fernandez-Gutierrez, M.M.
Levin, E.
Krom, B.P.
Brand, H.S.
Veerman, E.C.
Kleerebezem, M.
Loos, B.G.
van der Weijden, G.A.
Crielaard, W.
Keijser, B.J.
Publication year
2017
Abstract
A dysbiotic state is believed to be a key factor in the onset of oral disease. Although oral diseases have been studied for decades, our understanding of oral health, the boundaries of a healthy oral ecosystem and ecological shift toward dysbiosis is still limited. Here, we present the ecobiological heterogeneity of the salivary ecosystem and relations between the salivary microbiome, salivary metabolome and host-related biochemical salivary parameters in 268 healthy adults after overnight fasting. Gender-specific differences in the microbiome and metabolome were observed and were associated with salivary pH and dietary protein intake. Our analysis grouped the individuals into five microbiome and four metabolome-based clusters that significantly related to biochemical parameters of saliva. Low salivary pH and high lysozyme activity were associated with high proportions of streptococcal phylotypes and increased membrane-lipid degradation products. Samples with high salivary pH displayed increased chitinase activity, higher abundance of Veillonella and Prevotella species and higher levels of amino acid fermentation products, suggesting proteolytic adaptation. An over-specialization toward either a proteolytic or a saccharolytic ecotype may indicate a shift toward a dysbiotic state. Their prognostic value and the degree to which these ecotypes are related to increased disease risk remains to be determined.
Subject
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences
Life
Healthy Living
Biomedical Innovation
MSB - Microbiology and Systems Biology
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dc8714cf-f8c5-446e-b876-af89686fd582
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.199
TNO identifier
869895
Source
ISME journal, 11 (11), 1218-1231
Document type
article