Title
Particle number concentration near road traffic in Amsterdam (the Netherlands): Comparison of standard and real-world emission factors
Author
Keuken, M.P.
Moerman, M.
Voogt, M.
Zandveld, P.
Verhagen, H.
Stelwagen, U.
de Jonge, D.
Publication year
2016
Abstract
In this study, NOx and particle number concentration (PNC) at an urban background and a traffic location were measured in the city of Amsterdam (the Netherlands). Modelled and measured contributions to NOx and PNC at the traffic location were used to derive real-world PN emission factors for average urban road traffic. The results for NOx were applied to validate our approach. The real-world PN emission factors (#.km-1) were 2.9E+14 (urban road) and 3E+14 (motorway). These values were at least a factor eight higher than dynamometer-based PN emission factors from COPERT 4 and HBEFA databases. The real-world PN emission factors were used to model the contribution to PNC near road traffic in 2014. This was two to three times higher than the PNC urban background along urban roads over 20,000 vehicles per day and near motorways. The discrepancy between dynamometer-based and real-world emission factors demonstrates the need for more PNC observations to assess actual PN emissions from road traffic. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd.
Subject
Urban Mobility & Environment
SUMS - Sustainable Urban Mobility and Safety
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences
Environment & Sustainability
Environment
Urbanisation
Emission factors
Particle number
Road traffic
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c1e2f2c9-f13b-416c-af86-37fe13941c18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.03.009
TNO identifier
534105
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
ISSN
1352-2310
Source
Atmospheric Environment, 132, 345-355
Document type
article