Title
Activation of the innate immune system in atherosclerotic disease
Author
Oude Nijhuis, M.M.
van Keulen, J.K.
Pasterkamp, G.
Quax, P.H.
de Kleijn, D.P.V.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2007
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first line of defence against invading micro-organisms. The family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are carried by the invading micro-organisms. Infectious pathogens have been implicated to play an important role in atherosclerosis. Nowadays, evidence is accumulating that TLRs play an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis too. A lot is known about the exogenous ligands that are able to activate the TLRs, but it is also known that endogenous ligands have the capacity to activate TLRs when exogenous ligands are absent. Studies on knockout mice, epidemiological studies and even human polymorphism studies confirmed the important role of TLRs in development and progression of atherosclerotic disease. Studies with antagonists against TLR ligands and vaccination studies demonstrated that TLR signaling might be a potential target for intervention in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. © 2007 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Subject
Biomedical Research
Atherogenesis
Infection
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Toll-like receptors
antibiotic agent
azithromycin
e 5331
e 5531
e 5564
eritoran
ligand
lipid A derivative
lipopolysaccharide antagonist
low density lipoprotein
malonaldehyde
oxidized low density lipoprotein
placebo
receptor blocking agent
toll like receptor
vaccine
antigen recognition
atherogenesis
atherosclerosis
clinical trial
disease course
drug megadose
drug targeting
genetic polymorphism
human
innate immunity
knockout mouse
low drug dose
nonhuman
priority journal
review
signal transduction
vaccination
Animals
Atherosclerosis
Communicable Diseases
Humans
Immunity, Natural
Immunotherapy
Inflammation
Ligands
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipoproteins
Peptidoglycan
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptors
Vaccines
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ae32080b-5f74-489e-9dd8-7907afd303d1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2174/138161207780487593
TNO identifier
239930
ISSN
1381-6128
Source
Current Pharmaceutical Design, 13 (10), 983-994
Document type
article