Title
Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies
Author
Koushik, A.
Hunter, D.J.
Spiegelman, D.
Anderson, K.E.
Buring, J.E.
Freudenheim, J.L.
Goldbohm, R.A.
Hankinson, S.E.
Larsson, S.C.
Leitzmann, M.
Marshall, J.R.
McCullough, M.L.
Miller, A.B.
Rodriguez, C.
Rohan, T.E.
Ross, J.A.
Schatzkin, A.
Schouten, L.J.
Willett, W.C.
Wolk, A.
Zhang, S.M.
Smith-Warner, S.A.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2006
Abstract
Carotenoids, found in fruits and vegetables, have the potential to protect against cancer because of their properties, including their functions as precursors to vitamin A and as antioxidants. We examined the associations between intakes of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin and lycopene and the risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. The primary data from 10 prospective cohort studies in North America and Europe were analyzed and then pooled. Carotenoid intakes were estimated from a validated food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline in each study. Study-specific relative risks (RR) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then combined using a random-effects model. Among 521,911 women, 2,012 cases of ovarian cancer occurred during a follow-up of 7-22 years across studies. The major carotenoids were not significantly associated with the risk of ovarian cancer. The pooled multivariate RRs (95% confidence intervals) were 1.00 (0.95-1.05) for a 600 μg/day increase in α-carotene intake, 0.96 (0.93-1.03) for a 2,500 μg/day increase in β-carotene intake, 0.99 (0.97-1.02) for a 100 μg/day increase in β-cryptoxanthin intake, 0.98 (0.94-1.03) for a 2,500 μg/day increase in lutein/zeaxanthin intake and 1.01 (0.97-1.05) for a 4,000 μg/day increase in lycopene intake. These associations did not appreciably differ by study (p-values, tests for between-studies heterogeneity >0.17). Also, the observed associations did not vary substantially by subgroups of the population or by histological type of ovarian cancer. These results suggest that consumption of the major carotenoids during adulthood does not play a major role in the incidence of ovarian cancer. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Subject
Nutrition
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
Carotenoids
Cohort studies
Meta-analysis
Ovarian cancer
Pooled analysis
alpha carotene
antioxidant
beta carotene
beta cryptoxanthin
carotenoid
lycopene
retinol
xanthophyll
zeaxanthin
adult
article
cancer risk
cohort analysis
confidence interval
controlled study
disease association
Europe
female
follow up
food intake
histopathology
human
major clinical study
North America
ovary cancer
priority journal
proportional hazards model
prospective study
questionnaire
risk factor
statistical significance
validation process
Breast Neoplasms
Carcinoma
Carotenoids
Diet
Female
Food Habits
Humans
Ovarian Neoplasms
Questionnaires
Risk Factors
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa8c102f-b91b-489f-8800-cb0be1931dfb
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.22076
TNO identifier
239579
ISSN
0020-7136
Source
International Journal of Cancer, 119 (9), 2148-2154
Document type
article