Title
The isolated blood-perfused pig ear: An inexpensive and animal-saving model for skin penetration studies
Author
de Lange, J.
van Eck, P.
Elliott, G.R.
de Kort, W.L.A.M.
Wolthuis, O.L.
Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO
Publication year
1992
Abstract
To overcome most of the disadvantages of current models to investigate percutaneous penetration of drugs or toxic substances, a model is proposed here based on the isolated pig ear, which is obtained at the slaughterhouse, and perfused with oxygenated blood from the same pig. To determine the viability of the preparations, we measured glucose consumption and lactate production as metabolic parameters, Na+ and K+ ions, as well as lactate dehydrogenase activity in blood as markers for cell damage, whereas vasomotor reactivity was assessed by administering noradrenalin or isoxsuprine. After 60 min of equilibration, only insignificant changes in these parameters were observed during the subsequent 3-hr test period (longer periods were not tested). A slight weight increase was noted during the total period of 4 hr, presumably due to slight edema formation. On the basis of several types of measurements, such as in vivo blood flow and ear temperature and in vitro glucose metabolism, standard procedures were developed. It is concluded that this technique offers an easy to handle, cost-efficient, and animal-saving model for skin penetration studies that lacks most of the disadvantages of existing models. Chemicals/CAS: Blood Glucose; Lactate Dehydrogenase, EC 1.1.1.27; Potassium, 7440-09-7; Sodium, 7440-23-5
Subject
Glucose consumption
In vitro dermatotoxicity
Isolated pig ear
Porcine skin
Skin penetration models
Glucose
Isoxsuprine
Lactate dehydrogenase
Lactic acid
Noradrenalin
Potassium ion
Sodium ion
Animal experiment
Animal tissue
Blood vessel reactivity
Controlled study
Ear
Glucose transport
Isolated organ
Metabolism
Model
Nonhuman
Perfusion
Perfusion pressure
Priority journal
Skin penetration
Swine
Technique
Toxicology
Animal
Animal Testing Alternatives
Blood
Blood Glucose
Costs and Cost Analysis
Ear, External
Lactate Dehydrogenase
Models, Biological
Osmolar Concentration
Perfusion
Potassium
Skin Absorption
Sodium
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Time Factors
Toxicology
Vasoconstriction
Animalia
Suidae
Sus scrofa
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/1056-8719(92)90024-u
TNO identifier
231878
ISSN
1056-8719
Source
Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 27 (2), 71-77
Bibliographical note
Correspondence Address: De Lange, J.; TNO Medical Biological Laboratory, Lange Kleiweg 139, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, Netherlands
Document type
article