Title
Urban air quality: The challenge of traffic non-exhaust emissions
Author
Amato, F.
Cassee, F.R.
Denier van der Gon, H.A.C.
Gehrig, R.
Gustafsson, M.
Hafner, W.
Harrison, R.M.
Jozwicka, M.
Kelly, F.J.
Moreno, T.
Prevot, A.S.H.
Schaap, M.
Sunyer, J.
Querol, X.
Publication year
2014
Abstract
About 400,000 premature adult deaths attributable to air pollution occur each year in the European Region. Road transport emissions account for a significant share of this burden. While important technological improvements have been made for reducing particulate matter (PM) emissions from motor exhausts, no actions are currently in place to reduce the non-exhaust part of emissions such as those from brake wear, road wear, tyre wear and road dust resuspension. These "non-exhaust" sources contribute easily as much and often more than the tailpipe exhaust to the ambient air PM concentrations in cities, and their relative contribution to ambient PM is destined to increase in the future, posing obvious research and policy challenges.This review highlights the major and more recent research findings in four complementary fields of research and seeks to identify the current gaps in research and policy with regard to non-exhaust emissions. The objective of this article is to encourage and direct future research towards an improved understanding on the relationship between emissions, concentrations, exposure and health impact and on the effectiveness of potential remediation measures in the urban environment. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Subject
Earth / Environmental
CAS - Climate, Air and Sustainability
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences
Urban Development
Environment
Built Environment
Brake
Health effects
Mitigation
Policy
Road dust
Tyre
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a4d842a7-7374-44ea-8cd8-96f0e66c0b0a
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.053
TNO identifier
503272
Publisher
Elsevier
ISSN
1873-3336
Source
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 275, 31-36
Document type
article