Title
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human hypothalamic responses to sweet taste and calories
Author
Smeets, P.A.M.
de Graaf, C.
Stafleu, A.
van Osch, M.J.P.
van der Grond, J.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2005
Abstract
Background: Evidence exists that beverages do not trigger appropriate anticipatory physiologic responses, such as cephalic phase insulin release. Therefore, it is of interest to elucidate the food properties necessary for triggering adaptive responses. Previously, we found a prolonged dose-dependent decrease in the hypothalamic functional magnetic resonance imaging signal after ingestion of a glucose solution. Objectives: The aims of the present study were to measure the effects of sweet taste and energy content on the hypothalamic response to glucose ingestion and to measure the concomitant changes in blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Design: Five healthy, normal-weight men participated in a randomized crossover design trial. The subjects were scanned 4 times for 37 min on separate days with functional magnetic resonance imaging. After 7 min, they ingested 1 of the following 4 stimuli (300 mL of each): water (control), a glucose solution, an aspartame (sweet taste) solution, or a maltodextrin (nonsweet carbohydrate) solution. Results: Glucose ingestion resulted in a prolonged and significant signal decrease in the upper hypothalamus (P < 0.05). Water, aspartame, and maltodextrin had no such effect. Glucose and maltodextrin ingestions resulted in similar increases in blood glucose and insulin concentrations. However, only glucose triggered an early rise in insulin concentrations. Aspartame did not trigger any insulin response. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that both sweet taste and energy content are required for a hypothalamic response. The combination of sweet taste and energy content could be crucial in triggering adaptive responses to sweetened beverages. © 2005 American Society for Nutrition.
Subject
Nutrition Chemistry
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
Aspartame
Carbohydrates
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Glucose
Hypothalamus
Insulin
Maltodextrin
Men
Taste
aspartame
carbohydrate
glucose
insulin
maltodextrin
polysaccharide
sweetening agent
adult
article
body weight
caloric intake
clinical article
fluid intake
functional magnetic resonance imaging
glucose intake
human
human experiment
hypothalamus
normal human
sweetness
beverage
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
crossover procedure
digestion
drug effect
glucose blood level
histology
male
metabolism
nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
physiology
randomized controlled trial
taste
Adult
Aspartame
Beverages
Blood Glucose
Cross-Over Studies
Digestion
Energy Intake
Glucose
Humans
Hypothalamus
Insulin
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Polysaccharides
Sweetening Agents
Taste
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:93486569-b9f7-4d2d-b828-d55a422b1ebc
TNO identifier
238967
ISSN
0002-9165
Source
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 82 (5), 1011-1016
Document type
article