Title
Fruits, vegetables, and hMLH1 protein-deficient and -proficient colon cancer: The Netherlands cohort study
Author
Wark, P.A.
Weijenberg, M.P.
van 't Veer, P.
van Wijhe, G.
Luchtenborg, M.
van Muijen, G.N.P.
de Goeij, A.F.P.M.
Goldbohm, R.A.
van den Brandt, P.A.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2005
Abstract
Background: Clinical and pathologic differences exist between colon carcinomas deficient and proficient in the mismatch repair protein hMLH1. Animal and in vitro studies suggest that fruits, vegetables, folate, and antioxidants are associated with colonic expression of mismatch repair genes. Methods: Associations between consumption of fruits and vegetables and hMLH1 protein-deficient and -proficient colon cancer were evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer using a case-cohort approach. A self-administered food frequency questionnaire was completed, in 1986, by 120,852 individuals ages 55 to 69 years. Using immunohistochemistry, hMLH1 protein expression was assessed in colon cancer tissue obtained from 441 patients who were identified over 7.3 years of follow-up excluding the initial 2.3 years. Incidence rate ratios (RR) were estimated for hMLH1 protein-deficient and -proficient colon cancer. Results: hMLH1 protein expression was absent in 54 tumors (12.2%) and present in 387 tumors. Fruit consumption was associated with hMLH1 protein-deficient colon cancer [highest versus lowest tertile, RR, 0.46; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.23-0.90; Ptrend = 0.029] but not with hMLH1 protein-proficient tumors (highest versus lowest tertile, RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.78-1.35; Ptrend = 0.81). Total consumption of vegetables was not associated with either type of tumor (hMLH1 protein deficient: RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.45-1.65; Ptrend = 0.67; hMLH1 protein proficient: RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.72-1.23; Ptrend = 0.72). No associations were observed for folate, fiber, antioxidants, or subgroups of vegetables. Conclusion: These analyses indicate that an inverse association between consumption of fruits and colon cancer may be confined to the subgroup of tumors with a deficient mismatch repair system. Copyright © 2005 American Association for Cancer Research.
Subject
Health Nutrition
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
antioxidant
folic acid
protein MLH1
adult
article
cohort analysis
colon cancer
colon carcinoma
female
follow up
fruit
gene expression
human
human tissue
immunohistochemistry
in vitro study
incidence
major clinical study
male
mismatch repair
Netherlands
priority journal
protein deficiency
protein expression
vegetable
Aged
Carrier Proteins
Cohort Studies
Colonic Neoplasms
Diet
Dietary Proteins
Female
Fruit
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Proteins
Netherlands
Nuclear Proteins
Vegetables
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8df9da37-8752-48bc-9ea2-fa99c793aeae
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0109
TNO identifier
238571
ISSN
1055-9965
Source
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 14 (7), 1619-1625
Document type
article