Analytical formulations of the active admittance and impedance of connected arrays based on dipole and slot antennas, respectively, when elements are arranged in a hexagonal lattice, are presented. Different canonical dielectric layers stratifications are considered. The formulations is based on multi-layer Green’s function spectral representation. The discussed theory and results show that typical performance of rectangularly sampled connected arrays can also be obtained with hexagonal lattice based arrays with the benefits of a reduction of array elements of about 13%, and relevant reduction of transmitting/receiving circuit devices.
Closed-form expressions for the active admittance and impedance of connected arrays based on dipole and slot antennas, respectively, when elements are arranged in a hexagonal lattice, are introduced and discussed. The derivation is based on multilayer Green’s function spectral representation and hexagonal lattice properties. Different canonical cases of layered media are presented. The discussed formulas give insight on differences of the active impedance behavior between hexagonal and rectangular lattices, and provide a design tool for analyzing connected arrays, without resorting to full-wave simulations.