Title
V. Functions of S-layers
Author
Medisch Biologisch Laboratorium TNO
Beveridge, T.J.
Pouwels, P.H.
Sára, M.
Kotiranta, A.
Lounatmaa, K.
Kari, K.
Kerosuo, E.
Haapasalo, M.
Egelseer, E.M.
Schocher, I.
Sleytr, U.B.
Morelli, L.
Callegari, M.L.
Nomellini, J.F.
Bingle, W.H.
Smit, J.
Leibovitz, E.
Lemaire, M.
Miras, I.
Salamitou, S.
Béguin, P.
Ohayon, H.
Gounon, P.
Matuschek, M.
Sahm, K.
Bahl, H.
Grogono-Thomas, R.
Dworkin, J.
Blaser, M.J.
Woodland, R.M.
Newell, D.G.
Kessel, M.
Koval, S.F.
Publication year
1997
Abstract
Although S-layers are being increasingly identified on Bacteria and Archaea, it is enigmatic that in most cases S-layer function continues to elude us. In a few instances, S-layers have been shown to be virulence factors on pathogens (e.g. Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus and Aeromonas salmonicida), protective against Bdellovibrio, a depository for surface- exposed enzymes (e.g. Bacillus stearothermophilus), shape-determining agents (e.g. Thermoproteus tenax) and nucleation factors for finegrain mineral development (e.g. Synechococcus GL 24). Yet, for the vast majority of S- layered bacteria, the natural function of these crystalline arrays continues to be evasive. The following review updates the functional basis of S-layers and describes such diverse topics as the effect of S-layers on the Gram stain, bacteriophage adsorption in lactobacilli, phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, the adhesion of a high-molecular-mass amylase, outer membrane porosity, and the secretion of extracellular enzymes of Thermoanaerobacterium. In addition, the functional aspect of calcium on the Caulobacter S-layer is explained.
Subject
Adhesion
Amylase
Archaea
Bacillus
Bacillus stearothermophilus
Bacteria
Bacterivory
Campylobacter fetus
Caulobacter crescentus
Cell wall
Cell wall anchoring
Cellulosome
Crystalline outer membrane protein
Glycosyl hydrolase
Gram stain
Lactobacillus
Ovine abortion
Phagocytosis
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
Porin
Protozoa
S-layer
Secretion
Caulobacter crescentus
Clostridium thermocellum
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Gram positive bacterium
Gram staining
Lactobacillus
Archaebacterium
Gram negative infection
Aeromonas salmonicida
Archaea
Bacteria (microorganisms)
Bdellovibrio
Campylobacter fetus
Caulobacter
Caulobacter vibrioides
Clostridium thermocellum
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Lactobacillus
Ovis
Posibacteria
Protozoa
Synechococcus
Thermoanaerobacterium
Thermoproteus tenax
Abortion, Veterinary
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Archaea
Bacteria
Bacterial Adhesion
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Bacterial Physiology
Campylobacter Infections
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Crystallization
Female
Humans
Molecular Sequence Data
Phagocytosis
Pregnancy
Protozoa
Sequence Alignment
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Sheep
Sheep Diseases
Species Specificity
Virulence
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:79310bde-a436-4f09-a413-4f4d2efed5b7
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-6445(97)00043-0
TNO identifier
233921
ISSN
0168-6445
Source
FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 20 (20), 99-149
Document type
article