Title
High-protein and high-carbohydrate breakfasts differentially change the transcriptome of human blood cells
Author
van Erk, M.J.
Blom, W.A.M.
van Ommen, B.
Hendriks, H.F.J.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2006
Abstract
Background: Application of transcriptomics technology in human nutrition intervention studies would allow for genome-wide screening of the effects of specific diets or nutrients and result in biomarker profiles. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the potential of gene expression profiling in blood cells collected in a human intervention study that investigated the effect of a high-carbohydrate (HC) or a high-protein (HP) breakfast on satiety. Design: Blood samples were taken from 8 healthy men before and 2 h after consumption of an HP or an HC breakfast. Both breakfasts contained acetaminophen for measuring the gastric emptying rate. Analysis of the transcriptome data focused on the effects of the HP or HC breakfast and of acetaminophen on blood leukocyte gene expression profiles. Results: Breakfast consumption resulted in differentially expressed genes, 317 for the HC breakfast and 919 for the HP breakfast. Immune response and signal transduction, specifically T cell receptor signaling and nuclear transcription factor κB signaling, were the overrepresented functional groups in the set of 141 genes that were differentially expressed in response to both breakfasts. Consumption of the HC breakfast resulted in differential expression of glycogen metabolism genes, and consumption of the HP breakfast resulted in differential expression of genes involved in protein biosynthesis. Conclusions: Gene expression changes in blood leukocytes corresponded with and may be related to the difference in macronutrient content of the breakfast, meal consumption as such, and acetaminophen exposure. This study illustrates the potential of gene expression profiling in blood to study the effects of dietary exposure in human intervention studies. © 2006 American Society for Nutrition.
Subject
Nutrition
Biomedical Research
Acetaminophen
Carbohydrate
Gene expression
Human blood
Leukocytes
Protein
immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein
paracetamol
T lymphocyte receptor
adult
article
blood cell
blood sampling
carbohydrate diet
food intake
gene expression profiling
gene overexpression
glycogen metabolism
human
human experiment
immune response
leukocyte
male
normal human
protein diet
protein synthesis
signal transduction
stomach emptying
Acetaminophen
Adolescent
Adult
Cross-Over Studies
Dietary Carbohydrates
Dietary Proteins
Eating
Gastric Emptying
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Leukocytes
Male
NF-kappa B
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
RNA
Satiation
Signal Transduction
Single-Blind Method
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:729599c7-adf7-4a94-a230-87b759ebcb0e
TNO identifier
239552
ISSN
0002-9165
Source
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 84 (5), 1233-1241
Document type
article