Title
Proposed guidelines to evaluate scientific validity and evidence for genotype-based dietary advice
Author
Grimaldi, K.A.
van Ommen, B.
Ordovas, J.M.
Parnell, L.D.
Mathers, J.C.
Bendik, I.
Brennan, L.
Celis-Morales, C.
Cirillo, E.
Daniel, H.
de Kok, B.
El-Sohemy, A.
Fairweather-Tait, S.J.
Fallaize, R.
Fenech, M.
Ferguson, L.R.
Gibney, E.R.
Gibney, M.
Gjelstad, I.M.F.
Kaput, J.
Karlsen, A.S.
Kolossa, S.
Lovegrove, J.
Macready, A.L.
Marsaux, C.F.M.
Alfredo Martinez, J.
Milagro, F.
Navas-Carretero, S.
Roche, H.M.
Saris, W.H.M.
Traczyk, I.
van Kranen, H.
Verschuren, L.
Virgili, F.
Weber, P.
Bouwman, J.
Publication year
2017
Abstract
Nutrigenetic research examines the effects of inter-individual differences in genotype on responses to nutrients and other food components, in the context of health and of nutrient requirements. A practical application of nutrigenetics is the use of personal genetic information to guide recommendations for dietary choices that are more efficacious at the individual or genetic subgroup level relative to generic dietary advice. Nutrigenetics is unregulated, with no defined standards, beyond some commercially adopted codes of practice. Only a few official nutrition-related professional bodies have embraced the subject, and, consequently, there is a lack of educational resources or guidance for implementation of the outcomes of nutrigenetic research. To avoid misuse and to protect the public, personalised nutrigenetic advice and information should be based on clear evidence of validity grounded in a careful and defensible interpretation of outcomes from nutrigenetic research studies. Evidence requirements are clearly stated and assessed within the context of state-of-the-art 'evidence-based nutrition'. We have developed and present here a draft framework that can be used to assess the strength of the evidence for scientific validity of nutrigenetic knowledge and whether 'actionable'. In addition, we propose that this framework be used as the basis for developing transparent and scientifically sound advice to the public based on nutrigenetic tests. We feel that although this area is still in its infancy, minimal guidelines are required. Though these guidelines are based on semi-quantitative data, they should stimulate debate on their utility. This framework will be revised biennially, as knowledge on the subject increases. © 2017 The Author(s).
Subject
Life
MSB - Microbiology and Systems Biology
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences
Biomedical Innovation
Biology
Healthy Living
Dietary advice
Framework
Gene-environment interaction
Genetic variants
Genotype
Health
Nutrigenetics
Personalised nutrition
Genetic variability
Genotype environment interaction
Human
Infancy
Nutrition
Practice guideline
Sound
Validity
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6b36fb7d-0f2c-4e70-8c2f-6dcf806a58a0
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12263-017-0584-0
TNO identifier
782921
ISSN
1555-8932
Source
Genes and Nutrition, 12 (1)
Article number
35
Document type
article