Title
Lab scale investigation on the formation of aerosol nuclei by a wet electrostatic precipitator in the presence of SO 2 in a gas stream
Author
Khakharia, P.
Huizinga, A.
Trap, H.
Monteiro, J.
Goetheer, E.
Publication year
2019
Abstract
Aerosol based emissions have been reported from several Post-Combustion CO 2 capture (PCCC)pilot plants. These are known to pose a significant challenge in large scale implementation of PCCC processes. The aerosol nuclei are in the form of H 2 SO 4 droplets or Na 2 SO 4 particles, typically less than 0.1 ?m and 0.255 ?m, respectively. A wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP)is considered to be a potential counter-measure for removing these ultrafine aerosol nuclei from the flue gas. However, it has been observed that at certain operating conditions of the WESP, additional particles are formed which can act as aerosol nuclei. This study was performed to find out the specific operating conditions in terms of feed SO 2 concentration and applied WESP voltage, at which WESP results in generation of new particles. In the absence of SO 2 , no additional particles are formed for the entire range of applied WESP voltage. At the lowest SO 2 concentration of 9 ppmv, additional particles were generated beyond 10 kV. The smallest size fractions contribute to more than 99% of the total number of particles, with 0.006 ?m contributing to more than 80%. At the outlet of the absorber, although majority of the particles are of 0.006 ?m (>60%)and 0.0158 ?m (ca. 5%), larger particles of sizes 0.0945 to 0.945 ?m, contributes to the remaining 35% of the total number. The shift in number distribution results in increase of aerosol mass from about 10 ?4 to 5 × 10 -3 mg/m 3 to 0.2 to 0.5 mg/m 3 , from the inlet to the outlet of the absorber, respectively. Aerosol based MEA emissions were observed for the lowest SO 2 concentration of 9 ppmv and a voltage of 16 kV. Total MEA emissions were in the range of 600–1050 mg/Nm 3 . Based on these tests, industrial scale WESPs are likely to result in additional particles which can act as aerosol nuclei even at a SO 2 concentration as low as 9 ppmv. Additional tests aimed at SO 2 concentration lower than 9 ppmv in the feed gas, combinations of varying H 2 SO 4 aerosol and SO 2 in feed gas, and varying flue gas velocity needs immediate attention to define the operating limits for WESP. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Subject
Energy Efficiency
Energy / Geological Survey Netherlands
CO2 capture
Amine emission
Aerosol
Residual SO2
WESP
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6b2e0ba4-3a1e-4837-bbd9-1bb754472235
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.01.024/
TNO identifier
866941
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
ISSN
1750-5836
Source
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 86, 22-33
Document type
article