Title
Metabolic rate and its relationship with ascites in chicken genotypes
Author
TNO Voeding
Malan, D.D.
Scheele, C.W.
Buyse, J.
Kwakernaak, C.
Siebrits, F.K.
van der Klis, J.D.
Decuypere, E.
Publication year
2003
Abstract
1. Male chickens of 7 genetic lines, consisting of two pure sire and two pure dam populations, a commercial broiler cross and two slow-growing chicken lines (Label Rouge, LR and Mechelse Koekoek, MK) were reared from 1 to 37 d of age. The chickens received a two-phase dietary regime and were subjected to low ambient temperature. 2. The experimental aim was to investigate relationships between susceptibility to ascites and heat production. 3. Body weight gain (BWG), food intake and food conversion ratio (FCR) were determined. Ascites mortality, arterial pressure index (API = right ventricular/total ventricular weight ratio), haematocrit values, proportional lung weight (lung weight/body weight x 100), plasma thyroid hormones (thyroxine, T4 and triiodothyronine, T3) and arterial blood gas pressures (pCO 2 and pO2) were determined. The heat production per kg metabolic body weight (H/W0.75) and total heat production (H) were calculated for the period 16 to 33 d using an energy balance study according to the comparative slaughter method. 4. The two breeder sire lines had high BWG and low FCR and high but different incidences of ascites compared with the slow-growing ascites resistant LR and MK lines with notable high FCR. The broiler cross and slower-growing breeder dam lines had a similar and relatively lower incidence of ascites mortality. 5. The fast-growing chickens had low H/W0.75 values compared with slow-growing lines. 6. These fast-growing breeder sires had lower plasma thyroid hormone, reduced proportional lung weights, low arterial pO2 and high arterial pCO2 pressures compared with the slower-growing lines. 7. In conclusion, ascites incidence was associated with lower heat production per metabolic body weight and therefore a lower oxygen requirement per metabolic weight. Chemicals/CAS: oxygen, 7782-44-7; Oxygen, 7782-44-7; Thyroid Hormones
Subject
oxygen
thyroid hormone
animal
animal disease
article
ascites
bird disease
blood
chicken
cluster analysis
disease predisposition
eating
energy metabolism
genetics
genotype
hematocrit
male
metabolism
pathophysiology
physiology
pressure
randomization
temperature
thermoregulation
weight gain
Animals
Ascites
Body Temperature Regulation
Chickens
Cluster Analysis
Disease Susceptibility
Eating
Energy Metabolism
Genotype
Hematocrit
Male
Oxygen
Partial Pressure
Poultry Diseases
Random Allocation
Temperature
Thyroid Hormones
Weight Gain
Animalia
Aves
Gallus gallus
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:619c123a-7ab7-4b0b-8e36-498c9ef9c785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/000716603100024603
TNO identifier
280271
ISSN
0007-1668
Source
British Poultry Science, 44 (44), 309-315
Document type
article