Title
Assessment methodology of counter-personnel high power electromagnetic millimeter wave effects
Author
Valente, F.
van der Horst, M.J.
Paulissen, J.J.M.
Zwamborn, A.P.M.
Toet, A.
Publication year
2013
Abstract
The group of NLW that arguably offers the largest amount of useful applications are based on high power electromagnetic millimetre wave technology. This group is often referred to as ‘Active Denial Systems’ (ADS), since they are primarily aimed at deterring and dispersing people out of an area. The effect mechanism involves radiating millimetre waves with a frequency of 95 GHz onto humans. These waves only penetrate the upper layers of the human skin locally heating the moisture underneath. The result is an intolerable pain that compels the targeted individual to move away from the waves. TNO assessed the performance of ADS in terms of wave properties needed to yield a meaningful effect, while minimising the risk of injuries. The models are based on probabilistic clusters of interrelated aspects, a so-called Bayesian Network. It enables statements on the increased or decreased risk of injury when one or more of the interrelated aspects change. The intended effect of pain can be added to the model in a similar manner, linking noxious energy deposition to subjective pain awareness as function of the current emotional state of the targeted individual.
Subject
Mechatronics, Mechanics & Materials Physics & Electronics Human
WS - Weapon Systems ED - Electronic Defence PCS - Perceptual and Cognitive Systems
TS - Technical Sciences
Defence Research
Warfare
Defence, Safety and Security
Non-lethal weapons
ADS
Millimetre wave
Thermal effects
Injury
Pain
NLW
Bayesian network
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:56e810a2-d43c-4e63-b1d6-2e8010cc048a
TNO identifier
472844
Publisher
TNO, Rijswijk
Source
7th European symposium on Non-Lethal Weapons (NLW), Stadthalle Ettlingen, Germany, 3-5 June 2013
Document type
conference paper