Title
The acute toxicity of selected alkylphenols to young and adult Daphnia magna
Author
Gerritsen, A.
van der Hoeven, N.
Pielaat, A.
Publication year
1998
Abstract
Differences in sensitivity toward toxicants between young and adult individuals in a population are assumed to be primarily associated with their difference in body size. This assumption plays a key role in the modeling of effects of variable concentrations of toxicants on nonhomogeneous populations. The hazardbased no-effect-concentrations (NECs), killing rates, and elimination rates, estimated from the survival data of a series of acute toxicity tests with young and adults of Daphnia magna and six alkylphenols, were used to evaluate this assumption. The results lead to the conclusion that young and adult D. magna were equally sensitive in terms of NEC and killing rate and that the observed differences in elimination rates could be explained on the basis of a difference in body size. Furthermore, it was found that elimination rates estimated on the basis of the survival data were consistently smaller than those expected on the basis of a QSAR for Daphnia pulex, a comparable species. This discrepancy was likely due to a decreased uptake and elimination during a period of immobilization prior to death. Since it is unknown to what extent immobilized individuals are able to recover from short-term exposures, the observed deviation clearly identifies a complicating factor in the modeling of effects of variable concentrations of toxicants.
Subject
alkylphenol
alkyphenol
elimination rate
mortality rate
no-observed-effect concentration
toxicity
article
daphnia
ecotoxicity
ecotoxicology
nonhuman
statistical analysis
survival
toxicity testing
Animals
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Daphnia
Female
Hazardous Substances
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Phenols
Structure-Activity Relationship
Toxicity Tests
Cladocera
Daphnia
Daphnia magna
Daphnia pulex
Pulex
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1997.1578
TNO identifier
55256
Source
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety : Environmental Research, Section B,, 39, 227-232
Document type
article