Title
Toxicological evaluation of chemical mixtures
Author
Feron, V.J.
Groten, J.P.
Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO
Publication year
2002
Abstract
This paper addresses major developments in the safety evaluation of chemical mixtures during the past 15 years, reviews today's state of the art of mixture toxicology, and discusses challenges ahead. Well-thought-out tailor-made mechanistic and empirical designs for studying the toxicity of mixtures have gradually substituted trial-and-error approaches, improving the insight into the testability of joint action and interaction of constituents of mixtures. The acquired knowledge has successfully been used to evaluate the safety of combined exposures and complex mixtures such as, for example, the atmosphere at hazardous waste sites, drinking water disinfection by-products, natural flavouring complexes, and the combined intake of food additives. To consolidate the scientific foundation of mixture toxicology, studies are in progress to revisit the biological concepts and mathematics underlying formulas for low-dose extrapolation and risk assessment of chemical mixtures. Conspicuous developments include the production of new computer programs applicable to mixture research (CombiTool, BioMol, Reaction Network Modelling), the application of functional genomics and proteomics to mixture studies, the use of nano-optochemical sensors for in vivo imaging of physiological processes in cells, and the application of optical sensor micro- and nano-arrays for complex sample analysis. Clearly, the input of theoretical biologists, biomathematicians and bioengineers in mixture toxicology is essential for the development of this challenging branch of toxicology into a scientific subdiscipline of full value. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Chemicals/CAS: Air Pollutants; Xenobiotics
Subject
Nutrition
Air Pollutants
Animals
Drug Interactions
Food
Humans
Models, Statistical
Public Health
Toxicology
Water Supply
Xenobiotics
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4975f764-7e17-4a1e-9cf9-4042c6cf24e2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00021-2
TNO identifier
57468
ISSN
0278-6915
Source
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 40 (6), 825-839
Document type
article