Interlaboratory comparison of angular-dependent photovoltaic device measurements

Interlaboratory comparison of angular-dependent photovoltaic device measurements: results and impact on energy rating

Riedel-Lyngskær, N.
Santamaría Lancia, A.A.
Plag, F.
Kröger, I.
Vogt, M.R.
Schinke, C.
Davidsen, R.S.
Amdemeskel, M.
Jansen, M.J.
Manshanden, P.
Slooff-Hoek, L.H.
Carr, A.J.
Bliss, M.
Betts, T.
Mayo, M.E.
Jauregui, I.P.
Balenzategui, J.L
Roldan, R.
Bellenda, G.
Caccivio, M.
Kräling, U.
Neuberger, F.
Zirzow, D.
Crimmins, J.
Robinson, C.
King, B.
Teasdale, W.
Kedir, C.
Watts, J.
Desharnais, R.
Poulsen, P.B.
Jakobsen, M.L.
dos Reis Benatto, G.A.

2020

This paper presents the results from an extensive interlaboratory comparison of angular-dependent measurements on encapsulated photovoltaic (PV) cells. Twelve international laboratories measure the incident angle modifier of two unique PV devices. The absolute measurement agreement is ±2.0% to the weighted mean for angles of incidence (AOI) < 65 degrees, but from 70 degrees to 85 degrees, the range of measurement deviations increases rapidly from 2.5% to 23%. The proficiency of the measurements is analysed using the expanded uncertainties published by seven of the laboratories, and it is found that most of the angular-dependent measurements are reproducible for AOI < 80 degrees. However, at 85 degrees one laboratory's measurement does not agree to the weighted mean within the stated uncertainty, and measurement uncertainty as high as 16% is needed for the laboratories without uncertainty to be comparable. The poor agreement obtained at 85 degrees indicates that the PV community should place minimal reliance on angular-dependent measurements made at this extreme angle until improvements can be demonstrated. The cloud-based Daidalos ray tracing model is used to simulate the angular-dependent losses of the mono-Si device, and it is found that the simulation agrees to the median measurement within 0,6% for AOI < 70 degrees and within 1.4% for AOU < 80 degrees. Finally, the impact that the angular-dependent measurement deviations have on climate specific energy rating (CSER) is evaluated for the six climates described in the IEC 61853-4 standard. When one outlier measurement is excluded, the angular-dependent measurements reported in this work cause a 1.0% - 1.8% range in CSER and a 1.0% - 1.5% range in annual energy yield, depending on the climate.

Angle of incidence
Angular-dependent losses
Diffuse irradiance
Energy rating
Incidence angle modifier
Interlaboratory comparison
Optical losses
Relative transmittance
High Tech Systems & Materials
Industrial Innovation

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4859377a-2d0c-4c3d-898e-970d1cca8094

884813

Wiley, New York, NY, USA

Progress in photovoltaics, 1-19

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