Title
Interference by new-generation mobile phones on critical care medical equipment
Author
van Lieshout, E.J.
van der Veer, S.N.
Hensbroek, R.
Korevaar, J.C.
Vroom, M.B.
Schultz, M.J.
Publication year
2007
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess and classify incidents of electromagnetic interference (EMI) by second-generation and third-generation mobile phones on critical care medical equipment. Methods: EMI was assessed with two General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) signals (900 MHz, 2 W, two different time-slot occupations) and one Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) signal (1,947.2 MHz, 0.2 W), corresponding to maximal transmit performance of mobile phones in daily practice, generated under controlled conditions in the proximity of 61 medical devices. Incidents of EMI were classified in accordance with an adjusted critical care event scale. Results: A total of 61 medical devices in 17 categories (27 different manufacturers) were tested and demonstrated 48 incidents in 26 devices (43%); 16 (33%) were classified as hazardous, 20 (42%) as significant and 12 (25%) as light. The GPRS-1 signal induced the most EMI incidents (41%), the GRPS-2 signal induced fewer (25%) and the UMTS signal induced the least (13%; P < 0.001). The median distance between antenna and medical device for EMI incidents was 3 cm (range 0.1 to 500 cm). One hazardous incident occurred beyond 100 cm (in a ventilator with GRPS-1 signal at 300 cm). Conclusion: Critical care equipment is vulnerable to EMI by new-generation wireless telecommunication technologies with median distances of about 3 cm. The policy to keep mobile phones '1 meter' from the critical care bedside in combination with easily accessed areas of unrestricted use still seems warranted. © 2007 van Lieshout et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
GPRS, UMTS en medische apparatuur in het ziekenhuis
Subject
Antenna
Electromagnetic fields
Hazards
Hospitals
Intensive care
Medical instrumentation
Mobile phone
Statistical analysis
Telecommunication
Ventilators
Cellular Phone
Critical Care
Electronics, Medical
Equipment and Supplies, Hospital
Equipment Failure Analysis
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:441960b6-b5f8-4832-9779-b1525fd03367
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/cc6115
TNO identifier
240185
ISSN
1364-8535
Source
Critical Care, 11 (11)
Document type
article