Title
Bioavailability of folic acid from fortified pasteurised and UHT-treated milk in humans
Author
de Jong, R.J.
Verwei, M.
West, C.E.
van Vliet, T.
Siebelink, E.
van den Berg, H.
Castenmiller, J.J.M.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2005
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether milk fortified with folic acid enhances the folate status of humans and whether the presence of folate-binding proteins (FBP) in pasteurised milk affects the bioavailability of folic acid from fortified milk. In untreated and pasteurised milk, folate occurs bound to FBP, while FBP is (partly) denatured in ultra-high-temperature (UHT)-treated milk. The effect of FBP on folate bioavailability is still unclear. Design, subjects and setting: Healthy, free-living subjects (n=69) aged 18-49y participated in a 4-week double-blind, placebo-controlled dietary intervention study. Intervention: In addition to a fully controlled diet, the subjects consumed each day 500 ml of pasteurised or UHT milk, either fortified or not with 200 μg folic acid. Results: Consumption of fortified milk increased folate concentrations in serum and in red blood cells (RBQ by 6.6-7.0 nmol/l (P<0.001) and 32-36nmol/l (P<0.01), respectively. Similarly, plasma homocysteine concentrations were lowered 0.88-0.89 μmol/l (P = 0.001) in subjects who consumed fortified milk. The bioavailability of folic acid from pasteurised milk relative to that of folic acid from UHT milk was 74-94% (NS), depending on the parameter used. Conclusions: Milk fortified to supply an additional 200 μg of folic acid/s substantially increased folate status, and decreased plasma total homocysteine concentrations in young, healthy subjects. Milk is therefore a suitable matrix for fortification to enhance the folate status in humans. No significant effect of endogenous FBP was found on the bioavailability of folic acid from milk. © 2005 Nature Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
Subject
Health Chemistry
Biomedical Research
Bioavailability
Folate-binding proteins
Folic acid
Fortified milk
Homocysteine
Humans
folate binding protein
folic acid
homocysteine
placebo
adult
article
bioavailability
blood level
clinical trial
concentration (parameters)
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
denaturation
diet supplementation
dietary intake
double blind procedure
erythrocyte level
female
food composition
high temperature
human
human experiment
male
milk
normal human
protein binding
randomized controlled trial
treatment outcome
volunteer
Adolescent
Adult
Animals
Biological Availability
Carrier Proteins
Double-Blind Method
Erythrocytes
Female
Folic Acid
Food Handling
Food, Fortified
Homocysteine
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Milk
Neural Tube Defects
Receptors, Cell Surface
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3997d9c8-3c88-4f6d-8014-70f524d77e8c
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602159
TNO identifier
238618
ISSN
0954-3007
Source
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59 (8), 906-913
Document type
article