Title
Ozone-initiated terpene reaction products in five European offices: Replacement of a floor cleaning agent
Author
Nørgaard, A.W.
Kofoed-Sørensen, V.
Mandin, C.
Ventura, G.
Mabilia, R.
Perreca, E.
Cattaneo, A.
Spinazzè, A.
Mihucz, V.G.
Szigeti, T.
De Kluizenaar, Y.
Cornelissen, H.J.M.
Trantallidi, M.
Carrer, P.
Sakellaris, I.
Bartzis, J.
Wolkoff, P.
Publication year
2014
Abstract
Cleaning agents often emit terpenes that react rapidly with ozone. These ozone-initiated reactions, which occur in the gas-phase and on surfaces, produce a host of gaseous and particulate oxygenated compounds with possible adverse health effects in the eyes and airways. Within the European Union (EU) project OFFICAIR, common ozone-initiated reaction products were measured before and after the replacement of the regular floor cleaning agent with a preselected low emitting floor cleaning agent in four offices located in four EU countries. One reference office in a fifth country did not use any floor cleaning agent. Limonene, α-pinene, 3-carene, dihydromyrcenol, geraniol, linalool, and α-terpineol were targeted for measurement together with the common terpene oxidation products formaldehyde, 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene (4-AMCH), 3-isopropenyl-6-oxo-heptanal (IPOH), 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-one, (6-MHO), 4-oxopentanal (4-OPA), and dihydrocarvone (DHC). Two-hour air samples on Tenax TA and DNPH cartridges were taken in the morning, noon, and in the afternoon and analyzed by thermal desorption combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and HPLC/UV analysis, respectively. Ozone was measured in all sites. All the regular cleaning agents emitted terpenes, mainly limonene and linalool. After the replacement of the cleaning agent, substantially lower concentrations of limonene and formaldehyde were observed. Some of the oxidation product concentrations, in particular that of 4-OPA, were also reduced in line with limonene. Maximum 2 h averaged concentrations of formaldehyde, 4-AMCH, 6-MHO, and IPOH would not give rise to acute eye irritation-related symptoms in office workers; similarly, 6-AMCH, DHC and 4-OPA would not result in airflow limitation to the airways. © 2014 American Chemical Society.
Subject
Earth & Environment Fluid Mechanics Chemistry & Energetics
UES - Urban Environment & Safety HTFD - Heat Transfer & Fluid Dynamics
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences TS - Technical Sciences
Healthy for Life
Health
Healthy Living
Indoor air quality
Acute symptoms
Floor cleaning agents
Intervention
Offices
Ozone-initiated reactions
Terpenes
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:37bf209b-b3f1-45b2-8876-e733a34880e9
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/es504106j
TNO identifier
524092
Publisher
American Chemical Society
ISSN
0013-936X
Source
Environmental Science and Technology, 48 (22), 13331-13339
Document type
article