Title
Glycemic load, glycemic index, and pancreatic cancer risk in the Netherlands Cohort Study
Author
Heinen, M.M.
Verhage, B.A.J.
Lumey, L.H.
Brants, H.A.M.
Goldbohm, R.A.
van den Brandt, P.A.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2008
Abstract
Background: Recent studies of pancreatic cancer suggest a role for hyperinsulinemia in carcinogenesis. Because insulin is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose concentrations, dietary factors that increase these concentrations may be important in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Objective: The objective was to examine prospectively the relation between pancreatic cancer risk and dietary glycemic load (GL), overall glycemic index (GI), and intake of total carbohydrates and mono- and disaccharides. Design: The Netherlands Cohort Study consisted of 120 852 men and women who completed a baseline questionnaire in 1986. After 13.3 y of follow-up, 408 pancreatic cancer cases were detected, 66% of which were microscopically confirmed. A validated 150-item food-frequency questionnaire, completed at baseline, was used to calculate carbohydrate and mono- and disaccharide intakes and the GL and GI of the diet. Results: Dietary GL, GI, or intake of carbohydrates and mono- and disaccharides were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk in this cohort. Also, the associations were not modified by sex. Our results did not change after the analysis was restricted to microscopically confirmed pancreatic cancer cases or after individuals who reported a history of diabetes at baseline were excluded from the analyses. Conclusions: Overall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that GL, GI, or intake of carbohydrates and mono- and disaccharides are positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk. This is in agreement with previous prospective studies that investigated the relation between GL and GI and pancreatic cancer risk. © 2008 American Society for Nutrition.
Subject
carbohydrate
disaccharide
monosaccharide
adult
aged
anamnesis
article
cancer diagnosis
cancer risk
carbohydrate intake
cohort analysis
controlled study
diabetes mellitus
female
follow up
glycemic index
glycemic load
human
major clinical study
male
microscopy
Netherlands
nutritional assessment
pancreas cancer
prospective study
questionnaire
Aged
Blood Glucose
Cohort Studies
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Glycemic Index
Humans
Hyperinsulinism
Insulin
Male
Middle Aged
Netherlands
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Prospective Studies
Questionnaires
Risk Factors
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11c811c7-290c-494e-bdf1-a7c31c718f66
TNO identifier
240732
ISSN
0002-9165
Source
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87 (4), 970-977
Document type
article