Title
Force direction in pushing and pulling and Musculo-Skeletal load
Author
de Looze, M.P.
Kuijer, P.P.F.M.
Society of Automotive Engineers
Publication year
1999
Abstract
In pushing and pulling wheeled objects, the effect of the exerted force on local musculo-skeletal loads depends on the direction of force exertion. Several questions about the direction of force exertion in pushing and pulling, the effects of handle height and force level on force direction, and the quantitative implications for musculoskeletal load, were addressed in the present study. Eight subjects pushed against or pulled on a stationary bar at various handle heights and horizontal force levels, while they were walking on a treadmill. Generally, a significant change towards a more horizontal force direction was observed at increasing handle heights and force levels. From the observed net joint torque values in the shoulder and lumbo-sacral joint it was deduced that local musculoskeletal loads can not be deduced unequivocally from the magnitude of the force required to perform a task. Therefore, knowledge of the direction of force exertion with respect to body postur, is essential for a proper evaluation of musculo-skeletal loads. Copyright © 1999 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
Subject
Traffic
Force exertion
Force level
Horizontal forces
Joint torques
Musculo-skeletal
Musculoskeletal load
Exhibitions
Flow measurement
Musculoskeletal system
Loads (forces)
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a18a709-0cde-4b97-95b6-99559d4fcf8d
TNO identifier
374760
Report number
1999-01-1908
Publisher
SAE
Source
Digital Human Modeling for Design and Engineering International Conference and Exposition The Hague, The Netherlands May 18-20, 1999
Document type
conference paper