Title
Common and Country-Specific Dietary Patterns in Four European Cohort Studies
Author
Balder, H.F.
Virtanen, M.
Brants, H.A.M.
Krogh, V.
Dixon, L.B.
Tan, F.
Mannisto, S.
Bellocco, R.
Pietinen, P.
Wolk, A.
Berrino, F.
van den Brandt, P.A.
Hartman, A.M.
Goldbohm, R.A.
Publication year
2003
Abstract
The association between diet and cancer, predominantly investigated univariately, has often been inconsistent, possibly because of the large number of candidate risk factors and their high intercorrelations. Analysis of dietary patterns is expected to give more insight than analysis of single nutrients or foods. This study aimed to develop and apply a common methodological approach to determine dietary patterns in four cohort studies originating in Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden and Italy. Food items on each of the food frequency questionnaires were aggregated into 51 food groups, defined on the basis of their position in the diet pattern and possible relevance to cancer etiology. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze dietary patterns. Using a standardized approach, 3-5 stable dietary patterns were identified, explaining 20-29% of total variance in consumption of the food groups. Two dietary patterns, which explained most of the variance, were consistent across the studies. The first pattern was characterized by high consumption of (salad) vegetables, the second by high consumption of pork, processed meat and potatoes, In addition, a few specifically national food patterns were identified. Sensitivity analyses showed that the identified patterns were robust for number of factors extracted, distribution of input variables and energy adjustment. Our findings suggest that some important eating patterns are shared by the four populations under study, whereas other eating patterns are population specific.
Subject
Nutrition
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
Cancer
Cohort studies
Dietary patterns
Factor analysis
Principal components analysis
alpha tocopherol
beta carotene
adult
aged
article
breast cancer
cancer prevention
cohort analysis
diet
diet supplementation
Europe
female
Finland
human
Italy
major clinical study
male
mammography
Netherlands
principal component analysis
Sweden
Adult
Aged
Animals
Cohort Studies
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Finland
Food Habits
Humans
Italy
Male
Meat
Meat Products
Middle Aged
Models, Theoretical
Netherlands
Principal Component Analysis
Prospective Studies
Randomized Controlled Trials
Solanum tuberosum
Sweden
Swine
Vegetables
Solanum tuberosum
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e12e2130-399a-4d63-b3a6-ca2cc75b95ee
TNO identifier
237505
ISSN
0022-3166
Source
Journal of Nutrition, 133 (12), 4246-4251
Document type
article