Title
Geochemistry and flooding as determining factors of plant species composition in Dutch winter-flooded riverine grasslands
Author
Beumer, V.
van Wirdum, G.
Beltman, B.
Griffioen, J.
Grootjans, A.P.
Verhoeven, J.T.A.
TNO Bouw en Ondergrond
Publication year
2008
Abstract
Dutch water policy aims for more frequent, controlled flooding of river valley floodplains to avoid unwanted flooding elsewhere; in anticipation of increased flooding risks resulting from climate changes. Controlled flooding usually takes place in winter in parts of the valleys which had not been subject to flooding in the last decades. It may thus affect existing nature with its conservation values. The goal of this study was to clarify the geochemical and hydrological factors determining plant species composition of winter-flooded river valley grasslands. A correlative study was carried out in 43 sites in 13 Dutch river valley floodplains, with measurements of flooding regime, vegetation composition, soil nutrients and soil pH status. With the use of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) the plant species composition was investigated in relation to the geochemical variables and the winter winter-flooding regime. We found that the distributions of target species and non-target species were clearly correlated with geochemical characteristics and flooding regime. Clustering of sites within the CCA plots has led us to distinguish between four types of winter flooding in our areas: floodplains with (a) accumulating rain water, (b) low groundwater levels flooded with river water, (c) discharging groundwater and (d) high groundwater levels flooded with river water. Our major conclusions are (1) the winter groundwater level of winter-flooded grasslands was important for evaluating the effects of winter flooding on the geochemistry and plant species composition, and (2) winter winter-flooding effects were largely determined by the nature of the flooding. A high frequency of flooding particularly favoured a small set of common plant species. In areas with groundwater seepage, winter flooding may provide geochemical conditions suitable for diverse vegetation types with rare species. Rainwater flooded sites appeared less suitable for most target species. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subject
Geosciences
Flooding duration
Flooding frequency
Groundwater
Rain water
River water
Soil nutrients
Soil pH
Water meadow
Climate change
Floods
Nutrients
Plants (botany)
Rain
Soils
Flooding duration
Flooding frequency
River water
Soil nutrients
Water meadow
Geochemistry
ground water
rain
river water
community composition
flooding
geochemistry
grassland
pH
plant
rainwater
river water
soil nutrient
water management
winter
article
controlled study
correspondence analysis
flooding
floodplain
geochemistry
grassland
Netherlands
nonhuman
pH
plant nutrient
priority journal
soil analysis
species composition
species distribution
vegetation
water quality
winter
Ecosystem
Geography
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Implosive Therapy
Plants
Population Dynamics
Seasons
Soil Microbiology
Soil Pollutants
Species Specificity
Statistics as Topic
Benelux
Eurasia
Europe
Netherlands
Western Europe
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TNO identifier
240963
ISSN
0048-9697
Source
Science of the Total Environment, 402 (1), 70-81
Document type
article