Title
Preterm birth and later insulin resistance: Effects of birth weight and postnatal growth in a population based longitudinal study from birth into adult life
Author
Finken, M.J.J.
Keijzer-Veen, M.G.
Dekker, F.W.
Frölich, M.
Hille, E.T.M.
Romijn, J.A.
Wit, J.M.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2006
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: An increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with low birthweight after full-term gestation, including amplification of this risk by weight gain during infancy and adult body composition. Premature birth is also associated with insulin resistance, but studies conducted so far have not provided follow-up into adulthood. We studied the effects of (1) lower birthweight (as standard deviation score [SDS]) and infancy weight gain on insulin resistance in 19-year-olds born before 32 weeks of gestation, and (2) the interaction between lower birthweight SDS and infancy weight gain, as well as between lower birthweight and adult body composition, on insulin resistance. Methods: This was a prospective follow-up study in 346 subjects from the Project on Preterm and Small-for-gestational-age infants cohort, in whom fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels were measured at 19 years. Insulin resistance was calculated with homeostatic modelling (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index [HOMA-IR]). Results: Birthweight SDS was unrelated to the outcomes. Rapid infancy weight gain until 3 months post-term was weakly associated with higher insulin level (p=0.05). Adult fatness was positively associated with insulin and C-peptide levels and HOMA-IR (all p<0.001). On these parameters, there was a statistical interaction between birthweight SDS and adult fat mass (p=0.002 to 0.03). Conclusions/interpretation: In subjects born very preterm, rapid infancy weight gain until 3 months predicted higher insulin levels at 19 years, but the association was weak. Adult obesity strongly predicted higher insulin and C-peptide levels as well as HOMA-IR. The effect of adult fat mass on these parameters was dependent on its interaction with birthweight SDS. © Springer-Verlag 2006. Chemicals / CAS: C peptide, 59112-80-0; glucose, 50-99-7, 84778-64-3; insulin, 9004-10-8
Subject
Health
Jeugd en Gezondheid
Birthweight
Follow-up studies
Insulin resistance
Premature birth
C peptide
Glucose
Insulin
Body composition
Cohort analysis
Controlled study
Diet restriction
Disease association
Follow up
Gestational age
Glucose blood level
Infancy
Insulin blood level
Longitudinal study
Low birth weight
Major clinical study
Obesity
Outcomes research
Population research
Postnatal growth
Prematurity
Priority journal
Prospective study
Protein blood level
Scoring system
Statistical model
Statistical parameters
Adult
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Infant, Low Birth Weight
Infant, Newborn
Male
Pregnancy
Premature Birth
Time Factors
Weight Gain
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:945816ce-7a4d-4aed-9302-91dcb3b792a6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-005-0118-y
TNO identifier
239155
ISSN
0012-186X
Source
Diabetologia, 49 (3), 478-485
Document type
article