Title
Three-way stabilization of the covalent intermediate in amylomaltase, an alpha-like transglycosylase
Author
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Barends, T.R.M.
Bultema, J.B.
Kaper, T.
van der Maarel, M.J.E.C.
Dijkhuizen, L.
Dijkstra, B.W.
Publication year
2007
Abstract
Amylomaltases are glycosyl hydrolases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 77 that are capable of the synthesis of large cyclic glucans and the disproportionation of oligosaccharides. Using protein crystallography, we have generated a flip book movie of the amylomaltase catalytic cycle in atomic detail. The structures include a covalent glycosyl enzyme intermediate and a covalent intermediate in complex with an analogue of a cosubstrate and show how the structures of both enzyme and substrate respond to the changes required by the catalytic cycle as it proceeds. Notably, the catalytic nucleophile changes conformation dramatically during the reaction. Also, Gln-256 on the 250s loop is involved in orienting the substrate in the +1 site. The absence of a suitable base in the covalent intermediate structure explains the low hydrolysis activity. © 2007 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Subject
Amylomaltase
Glucans
Glycosyl hydrolases
Conformations
Crystallography
Hydrolysis
Nucleophiles
Oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Synthesis (chemical)
Enzyme activity
Food technology
X ray crystallography
Alpha-Amylase
Crystallography, X-Ray
Enzyme Stability
Glycogen Debranching Enzyme System
Glycoside Hydrolases
Models, Molecular
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m701444200
TNO identifier
74118
Source
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 282 (282), 17242-17249
Document type
article