Title
Dairy products and ovarian cancer: A pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies
Author
Genkinger, J.M.
Hunter, D.J.
Spiegelman, D.
Anderson, K.E.
Arslan, A.
Beeson, W.L.
Buring, J.E.
Fraser, G.E.
Freudenheim, J.L.
Goldbohm, R.A.
Hankinson, S.E.
Jacobs Jr., D.R.
Koushik, A.
Lacey Jr., J.V.
Larsson, S.C.
Leitzmann, M.
McCullough, M.L.
Miller, A.B.
Rodriguez, C.
Rohan, T.E.
Scheuten, L.J.
Shore, R.
Smit, E.
Wolk, A.
Zhang, S.M.
Smith-Warner, S.A.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2006
Abstract
Background: Dairy foods and their constituents (lactose and calcium) have been hypothesized to promote ovarian carcinogenesis. Although case-control studies have reported conflicting results for dairy foods and lactose, several cohort studies have shown positive associations between skim milk, lactose, and ovarian cancer. Methods: A pooled analysis of the primary data from 12 prospective cohort studies was conducted. The study population consisted of 553,217 women among whom 2,132 epithelial ovarian cases were identified. Study-specific relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models and then pooled by a random-effects model. Results: No statistically significant associations were observed between intakes of milk, cheese, yogurt, ice cream, and dietary and total calcium intake and risk of ovarian cancer. Higher lactose intakes comparing ≥30 versus <10 g/d were associated with a statistically significant higher risk of ovarian cancer, although the trend was not statistically significant (pooled multivariate relative risk, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.40; P trend = 0.19). Associations for endometrioid, mucinous, and serous ovarian cancer were similar to the overall findings. Discussion: Overall, no associations were observed for intakes of specific dairy foods or calcium and ovarian cancer risk. A modest elevation in the risk of ovarian cancer was seen for lactose intake at the level that was equivalent to three or more servings of milk per day. Because a new dietary guideline recommends two to three servings of dairy products per day, the relation between dairy product consumption and ovarian cancer risk at these consumption levels deserves further examination. Copyright © 2006 American Association for Cancer Research.
Subject
Health
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
calcium
lactose
yoghurt
article
cancer epidemiology
cancer risk
case control study
cheese
clinical trial
cohort analysis
confidence interval
dairy product
disease association
endometrioid carcinoma
female
food intake
high risk patient
human
ice cream
major clinical study
meta analysis
milk
mucinous carcinoma
ovary cancer
practice guideline
priority journal
prospective study
statistical significance
systematic review
Calcium, Dietary
Cohort Studies
Dairy Products
Diet Surveys
Female
Humans
Lactose
Multivariate Analysis
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Ovarian Neoplasms
Proportional Hazards Models
Vitamin D
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3d5a9972-7e6a-40a5-9d24-5e5b4c19344b
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0484
TNO identifier
239102
ISSN
1055-9965
Source
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 15 (2), 364-372
Document type
article